What is the definition of effectual calling?

The concept of effectual calling is foundational in Reformed theology, particularly as articulated in the Westminster Shorter Catechism. It refers specifically to the work of God's Spirit that both convinces individuals of their sin and facilitates their ability to embrace Christ. This emphasizes two critical aspects: the need for personal conviction of sin and the supernatural enablement to respond to the gospel.

The first part of the definition deals with conviction of sin, highlighting the necessity for individuals to recognize their sinful state before God. This self-awareness is crucial for a true response to the call of Christ, as it underlines the need for redemption.

The second aspect focuses on the enabling work of the Holy Spirit, who empowers believers to not only understand the gospel but also to accept and trust in Christ for salvation. This is distinct from merely hearing the gospel or being invited to respond. Effectual calling implies a transformative work that goes beyond human persuasion or invitation, asserting that it is God's initiative that brings people to faith.

In contrast, other options do not capture this profound theological nuance. While some refer to invitations or persuasive efforts, they miss the divinely initiated aspect of effectual calling, particularly the role of the Holy Spirit in securing a genuine response to the gospel message.