What is commonly referred to as Original Sin?

The concept of Original Sin, as described in Christian theology, specifically refers to the inherited guilt and the fallen state of human beings as a consequence of Adam's first sin in the Garden of Eden. This doctrine posits that Adam and Eve's disobedience to God by eating the forbidden fruit brought sin into the world, affecting all of humanity. As a result, each person is born with this inherited sinful nature, which denotes a separation from God.

The reason this choice is correct lies in the theological understanding that Original Sin is not just about the act itself but also about its repercussions for all generations. This idea emphasizes the need for redemption through Christ, who is believed to restore humanity from this original fallenness.

Other options do not accurately encapsulate the essence of Original Sin. The general disobedience of nations speaks more to societal sinfulness rather than individual inherited guilt. The first act of sacrifice refers to biblical practices of offering gifts to God, which is unrelated to the doctrine of Original Sin. Lastly, the natural inclination toward righteousness contradicts the concept, as Original Sin highlights humanity's tendency towards sin rather than goodness.